Comparative experiments were carried out to study the ultrasonic vibration turning and common turning W - Fe - Ni alloy surface roughness and surface topography characteristics. Tool for ab SANDVIK company coke, model VBMT110304 - KF, material for H13A. Processing equipment for CK6160 numerical control lathe. Machining process for dry cutting. Cutting parameters selection is: the cutting speed of 100250400 r/min, cutting depth, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 mm, feeding 0.08, 0.08, 0.12 mm/r. Due to the vibration parameters of the drift, in the machining vibration frequency selection: 1 frequency (20897 ~ 21022 Hz), zero frequency (630 Hz) 20, 509 to 20, 1 frequency (109 Hz) 20, 030 to 20. The amplitude of,5,10 2 mm.
Experimental result data by variance analysis show that in five kinds of factors affecting the cutting, cutting feed materials after the vibration machining surface roughness is most significantly, the influence of vibration parameters of the selected has strong effect, and the influence of cutting depth, cutting speed is low.
Figure 1 to vibration cutting, the common turning material surface roughness. From figure 1 shows, due to the combination of different vibration parameters and cutting parameters effect difference, reduces vibration cutting surface roughness degree each are not identical, but the common way of turning, the surface roughness is reduced. Machining surface roughness decreased 7.05% ~ 30.06%.
Figure 2 (a), (b) for scanning electron microscope observation of regular cutting surface and vibration turning surface topography. From figure 2 (a), the processing surface formed apparent Nick, this is a tool in the removal of the material, because the material of the plastic tearing and friction caused by comprehensive effect of the tool parts and material. When in vertical direction measuring surface roughness scratches, measured by the feeding effect of peaks and troughs and local wave profile caused by scratches. From figure 2 (b) shows that due to the impact of the ultrasonic vibration ironing, eliminate the scratches on the surface of the parts processing, ironing caused by lateral flow has also weakened processing feed material surface longitudinal ridges. Can be seen in figure 2 (b) like a wheel rolling textured surface, effectively reduce the processing surface roughness.
The two processing surface to surface stress test. Results show that the two kinds of processing on the surface of the axial and tangential are characterized by compressive stress. But the vibration cutting surface compressive stress is common after turning 400 ~ 700 MPa. It also illustrates the impact due to the intensity of the ultrasonic vibration ironing effect, lead to the processed surface residual stress is greater.